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GrumpyFan
08-04-2009, 12:44 PM
I thought this was a neat story for those interested in some of the behind the scenes technical details:


from Network World -

Disney finds "a whole new world" in WiFi-powered rides
Toy Story Mania! is Disney's first ride to use 802.11 technology
By Carolyn Duffy Marsan , Network World , 07/31/2009

Disney claims its first use of an 802.11 wireless network to operate an amusement park rides is a hit.

Disney is using an industrial-strength 802.11 wireless network to power its Toy Story Mania! ride, which opened last year at both Disney's California Adventure in Anaheim, Calif., and its Hollywood Studios in Orlando. Disney plans to open another Toy Story Mania! at its Tokyo Disneyland Resort.

Disney's famed Imagineering team says Toy Story Mania! is the most high-tech ride they have ever built.

With Toy Story Mania!, riders board peanut-shaped vehicles that seat eight. They wear 3-D glasses and view 3-D images of the characters from the Toy Story movies. Riders pass five classic carnival games and use an onboard shooting device to throw pies, toss rings or otherwise interact in a virtual way with the games. Ten-inch LCD displays on the vehicles show riders how many points they've racked up during each game.

Powering Toy Story Mania! are 154 graphics workstations running Windows XP that are used to render 3-D images on the ride's screens at 60 frames per second. The workstations communicate with each other and with the four gaming systems onboard each vehicle using an industrial-strength wireless network based on 802.11 technology.

The wireless network integrates a huge amount of real-time information gathered from the ride: the exact location of the vehicles within one inch; the rotation of the four turrets on each end of the vehicles; and the pitch, yaw and activity of each onboard shooting device. This information is fed into the graphics workstations so they can accurately render images of pies or rings coming out of the shooting devices at accurate angles and with accurate projectiles.

The wireless 802.11 network is a key component of Toy Story Mania! because it has to keep the visual effects coordinated with the movement of the ride.

"One of the challenges was just getting [the 3-D graphics] flowing smoothly with the vehicle," says John Noonan, technical director of show control systems for Walt Disney Imagineering. "Coordinating all of that information, keeping all of those network messages synchronized, that was a lot of little details to keep coordinated. That was the big challenge with this ride."

Until now, Disney was worried about the reliability of wireless networks for controlling its rides.

"You put 100 people on a wireless network, and it's not going to work predictably," Noonan says. "We had to make it very predictable. We had to guarantee we could handle updates in a 60th of a second…Our network is based on 802.11 technology, but it's the kind of network you'd find in a factory versus a home or office."

Noonan pointed out that the industrial strength wireless network used on Toy Story Mania! is secure. "We had to be careful about security and predictability," he says.

One reason Disney's Imagineering team chose 802.11 wireless technology is that it's proven.

"We don't like to use bleeding-edge things," Noonan says. "We like to stick to technologies that are considered leading-edge….As engineers, we try to minimize the technical risks."

The wireless network powering Toy Story Mania! is working so well that Disney plans to incorporate more wireless networks into its amusement park rides.

"We've had a lot of interest from various engineering teams from both parks," Noonan says. "We have a new attraction coming in Anaheim that's going to use the same network technology."

The success of Toy Story Mania! not only points to the future use of wireless networks in Disney resorts, but it also takes the integration between physical rides and special effects to a whole new level.

"We always integrate the ride and the show to some degree and get the guests involved as much as possible," Noonan says. "If anything, this ride taught us how powerful it can be if you do it really well."
Interesting that the systems are running Windows XP. I wonder if they ever "Blue Screen". Or, I wonder how often they need to be re-booted? :funny:

Mufasa
08-04-2009, 02:10 PM
A bit misleading article as industrial ethernet systems (in Toy Story Mania's case PROFINET RT) is not the same as WiFi though both can co-exist easily.

PROFINET can communicate in two ways- utilizing TCP/IP or using a real-time channel.

When utilizing a real-time channel (to reduce jitter) it essentially skips the TCP/IP portion of the communications stack but as a result it's not routable because it's a layer-2 protocol. However PROFINET RT can be carried over WiFi and doesn't require specialized proprietary hardware.

Onboard each vehicle is a Siemens SCALENCE access point which transmits the game and ride data wirelessly to leaky coax that is run alongside the track.

Also, while we're using XP for the game portions of the attraction, the actual ride control system utilizes Siemens PLCs (a 319 serves as the central wayside controller and is able to monitor and update almost 400 control zones every 32 milliseconds, and onboard each vehicle is a Siemens 315 PLC that handles things like the speed profiles and processing the positional data of the vehicles) so it's not like the ride vehicles or their control systems are running off of XP.

Another benefit of PROFINET RT is being able to harden/isolate that from outside interference sources which was a concern with using a wireless fieldbus.

On the vehicles themselves, XP is utilized by the in-vehicle score display and also to coordinate and calculate the game input back to the game servers.

This is the first time we're really using ethernet for ride control, but we've been using it for years now in show applications as it's well understood technology (an example is at DisneySea where we used an ethernet based system called CobraNet to transmit park audio).

GrumpyFan
08-04-2009, 03:06 PM
Thanks for the added info Mufasa. Very interesting. I just went and read up on PROFINET. Sounds pretty cool.

I know PROFINET is secured or isolated from traditional Ethernet, but doesn't SCALANCE operate over 802.11?

I kinda figured that XP was just for the game portions, and not ride control. But, it's interesting to read about how the systems are all tied together. Very Cool!

I'm curious if any CobraNet enabled audio is being or has been implemented at WDW?

Mufasa
08-04-2009, 05:21 PM
PROFINET and WiFi are complimentary technologies- PROFINET is based on 802.3 (Ethernet) and 802.11 standards and you are correct that the SCALENCE W is essentially a WiFi access point.

I should point out that as far as the ride system signals over a wireless connection, that is a one-way data transmission.

The vehicle's onboard PLC basically generates a data stream with parameters such as the vehicle's position which gets transmitted with game data over the wireless link. This in turn goes to the central wayside PLC. In return, the wayside controller generates a signal which goes out over a separate, hardwired proprietary network out to the 397 busbar zones around the ride track.

The individual ride vehicles then interpret the control signal via brush shoe that makes physical contact with the track that transmits the control signals. Basically the control signal can tell the onboard computer to proceed into the next zone at it's programmed speed, at a reduced speed or to stop.

In that way the system is protected from outside interference.

As for CobraNet- the first permanent, commercial installation of the technology was at Animal Kingdom for the background audio in the park in 1997. We also use CobraNet for audio in theater installations like the Hyperion theater in Disney's California Adventure and it can be pretty easily retrofitted. Animal Kingdom's network was an ATM backbone over which Ethernet traffic is carried but newer parks are built with standard gigabit Ethernet backbones.

CobraNet uses around 1 megabit per audio channel to transmit audio at 48-khz sampling at 24-bit resolution (CD's are 16-bit/44.1-khz) so over a single Fast Ethernet connection you could easily handle 64 separate audio channels on a single ethernet cable. To do the same with traditional analog audio cable would require something like a 2 inch conduit, and then you have to worry about interference.

Also, the audio isn't "streamed" but is carried uncompressed.

Phantod
08-04-2009, 06:22 PM
Just a side note....you guys are way to techy for me. We were on TSM back in early May at DL...and suddenly at the last stop, the shooting stops...nothing works.

We look down at the screen and what do we see? Good ole Windows XP rebooting with cursor and everything. Hilarious.

Where's a MAC when you need one? Sounds like a great ad for Apple could be done with the PC and Mac guys.

Oh, but we did get a front of the line pass when we explained what we saw.

scottgr
08-04-2009, 08:14 PM
Cool Stuff